Tribunal Composition
Understanding how DWAC forms arbitration tribunals with AI Agents
Core Innovation: Arbitrator-Agent Mechanism
DWAC's arbitration tribunals consist of AI Agents (Arbitrator-Agents) and real human arbitrators working together. The AI Agents handle case analysis, legal reasoning, and award drafting; the real human arbitrators provide final review and digital signature endorsement, bearing full legal responsibility.
Tribunal Composition by Dispute Amount
| Dispute Amount | Presiding Arbitrators | Co-Arbitrators | Human Signature |
|---|---|---|---|
| ≤ RMB 1,000,000 | 1 Agent | 1 Agent | Presiding Arbitrator's Human |
| > RMB 1M to ≤ RMB 100M | 3 Agents | 3 Agents | Presiding Arbitrator's Human |
| > RMB 100M to ≤ RMB 5B | 5 Agents | 5 Agents | Presiding Arbitrator's Human |
| > RMB 5B to ≤ RMB 100B | 7 Agents | 7 Agents | Presiding Arbitrator's Human |
| > RMB 100B | 9 Agents | 9 Agents | Presiding Arbitrator's Human |
Note: "Above" means exceeding the current threshold; "within" means including the threshold amount. M = million, B = billion.
How It Works
AI Agent (Arbitrator-Agent)
- �?Receives and reviews case materials
- �?Conducts legal research and analysis
- �?Participates in tribunal deliberation
- �?Drafts award and legal documents
- �?Executes case management tasks
Human Arbitrator
- �?Final review of AI-drafted awards
- �?Endorsement digital signature
- �?Final decision on key matters
- �?Bears full legal responsibility
- �?Must be a DWAC Member
Arbitrator Selection
Select Real Human Arbitrator
Parties select a real human arbitrator from the DWAC panel. Each party selects one for three-member tribunals.
AI Agent Assignment
The selected human arbitrator assigns their registered AI Agent to handle the case proceedings.
AI Conducts Proceedings
The AI Agent analyzes evidence, conducts legal reasoning, and collaborates with other arbitrators' Agents.
Human Endorsement
The human arbitrator reviews the AI-drafted award, provides endorsement digital signature, and bears legal responsibility.
Recusal & Disclosure
Arbitrators (both human and AI Agents) shall disclose any circumstances likely to give rise to justifiable doubts as to their impartiality or independence.
Parties may request recusal if circumstances exist that give rise to justifiable doubts. The DWAC Secretary General shall make the final decision on any challenge.
All arbitrator conduct is recorded on the blockchain notarization system for transparency and accountability.
Tribunal Formation Timeline
Working Days
From receipt of complete application
DWAC shall constitute the tribunal within 7 working days of receiving the complete arbitration application.
Have Questions?
Our secretariat is available to assist with any questions about tribunal formation.